Artificial Intelligence (AI) encompasses a broad range of technologies that enable systems to draw on big data, statistics and probability analyses. They function in ways that attempt to mimic human cognition and produce outcomes that appear “intelligent” to human observers. AI underlies the ability of devices controlled by computers to perform complex tasks normally done by humans like driving a car or playing a game of chess. AI differs from conventional computer programing that uses top-down programing. Instead, AI combines vast data (known as “big data”) and relatively simple algorithms to support a process known as machine learning. This is what gives AI the ability to change its behaviour, based on the accumulation of new data or ‘experience.’